DEVELOPMENT OF FUNGICIDES AND BACTERICIDES
IN VITRO TESTING (Level I)
It consist of the evaluation of the growth inhibition activity against bacterial or fungal pathogens in vitro. Different assay modalities, including the agar incorporation test, liquid test or microbiocidal activity assessment. Dose-response titration assays can be performed and Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) or median effective dose (ED50) can be determined, using conventional methods or a high-througput platform with automatic microbiological analyzers.
EX VIVO ASSAY (Level II)
In this assay, compounds are applied to detached plant organs (flowers, fruits, leaves, roots) either intact or previously wounded, and subsequently the pathogen is inoculated (preventative). The pathogen can be also inoculated simultaneously or before the treatment. The material is then incubated in phytotron chambers under suitable conditions for disease development. Several pathogens are available or on demand, including bacterial and fungal, and aerial or root or fruit pathogens.
EFFICACY TESTING IN PLANTS UNDER CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT CONDITIONS (Level III)
This assay uses potted plants in a phytotron or fully climate-controlled greenhouse in order to determine the efficacy of control of bactericides or fungicides (also nematicides). The compounds are applied to plants usually by spraying or irrigation. The pathogen is inoculated before, simultaneously or after the treatment. Plants are cultivated under fully controlled day-night temperature, relative humidity and light periods. Disease severity is evaluated during the process.